API Usage

The library API for use by projects importing hwilib can be found here.

Hardware Wallet Client Interface

The HardwareWalletClient is the class which all of the specific device implementations subclass.

class hwilib.hwwclient.HardwareWalletClient(path, password, expert)

Create a client for a HID device that has already been opened.

This abstract class defines the methods that hardware wallet subclasses should implement.

Parameters
  • path (str) – Path to the device as returned by enumerate()

  • password (str) – A password/passphrase to use with the device. Typically a BIP 39 passphrase, but not always. See device specific documentation for further details.

  • expert (bool) – Whether to return additional information intended for experts.

Return type

None

get_master_xpub(addrtype=wit, account=0)

Retrieves a BIP 44 master public key

Get the extended public key used to derive receiving and change addresses with the BIP 44 derivation path scheme. The returned xpub will be dependent on the address type requested, the chain type, and the BIP 44 account number.

Returns

The extended public key

Parameters
Return type

hwilib.key.ExtendedKey

get_master_fingerprint()

Get the master public key fingerprint as bytes.

Retrieves the fingerprint of the master public key of a device. Typically implemented by fetching the extended public key at “m/0h” and extracting the parent fingerprint from it.

Returns

The fingerprint as bytes

Return type

bytes

get_pubkey_at_path(bip32_path)

Get the public key at the BIP 32 derivation path.

Parameters

bip32_path (str) – The BIP 32 derivation path

Returns

The extended public key

Return type

hwilib.key.ExtendedKey

sign_tx(psbt)

Sign a partially signed bitcoin transaction (PSBT).

Parameters

psbt (hwilib.psbt.PSBT) – The PSBT to sign

Returns

The PSBT after being processed by the hardware wallet

Return type

hwilib.psbt.PSBT

sign_message(message, bip32_path)

Sign a message (bitcoin message signing).

Signs a message using the legacy Bitcoin Core signed message format. The message is signed with the key at the given path.

Parameters
  • message (Union[str, bytes]) – The message to be signed. First encoded as bytes if not already.

  • bip32_path (str) – The BIP 32 derivation for the key to sign the message with.

Returns

The signature

Return type

str

display_singlesig_address(bip32_path, addr_type)

Display and return the single sig address of specified type at the given derivation path.

Parameters
  • bip32_path (str) – The BIP 32 derivation path to get the address for

  • addr_type (hwilib.common.AddressType) – The address type

Returns

The retrieved address also being shown by the device

Return type

str

display_multisig_address(addr_type, multisig)

Display and return the multisig address of specified type given the descriptor.

Parameters
Returns

The retrieved address also being shown by the device

Return type

str

wipe_device()

Wipe the device.

Returns

Whether the wipe was successful

Raises

UnavailableActionError – if appropriate for the device.

Return type

bool

setup_device(label='', passphrase='')

Setup the device.

Parameters
  • label (str) – A label to apply to the device. See device specific documentation for details as to what this actually does.

  • passphrase (str) – A passphrase to apply to the device. Typically a BIP 39 passphrase. See device specific documentation for details as to what this actually does.

Returns

Whether the setup was successful

Raises

UnavailableActionError – if appropriate for the device.

Return type

bool

restore_device(label='', word_count=24)

Restore the device.

Parameters
  • label (str) – A label to apply to the device. See device specific documentation for details as to what this actually does.

  • word_count (int) – The number of BIP 39 mnemonic words.

Returns

Whether the restore was successful

Raises

UnavailableActionError – if appropriate for the device.

Return type

bool

backup_device(label='', passphrase='')

Backup the device.

Parameters
  • label (str) – A label to apply to the backup. See device specific documentation for details as to what this actually does.

  • passphrase (str) – A passphrase to apply to the backup. See device specific documentation for details as to what this actually does.

Returns

Whether the backup was successful

Raises

UnavailableActionError – if appropriate for the device.

Return type

bool

close()

Close the HID device.

Return type

None

prompt_pin()

Prompt for PIN.

Returns

Whether the PIN prompt was successful

Raises

UnavailableActionError – if appropriate for the device.

Return type

bool

send_pin(pin)

Send PIN.

Parameters

pin (str) – The PIN

Returns

Whether the PIN successfully unlocked the device

Raises

UnavailableActionError – if appropriate for the device.

Return type

bool

toggle_passphrase()

Toggle passphrase.

Returns

Whether the passphrase was successfully toggled

Raises

UnavailableActionError – if appropriate for the device.

Return type

bool

Commands

The functions in this module are the primary way to interact with hardware wallets. Each function that takes a client uses a HardwareWalletClient. The functions then call public members of that client to retrieve the data needed.

Clients can be constructed using find_device() or get_client().

The enumerate() function returns information about what devices are available to be connected to. These information can then be used with find_device() or get_client() to get a HardwareWalletClient.

Note that this documentation does not specify every exception that can be raised. Many exceptions are buried within the functions implemented by each device’s HardwareWalletClient. For more information about the exceptions that those can raise, please see the specific client documentation.

hwilib.commands.get_client(device_type, device_path, password='', expert=False)

Returns a HardwareWalletClient for the given device type at the device path

Parameters
  • device_type (str) – The type of device

  • device_path (str) – The path specifying where the device can be accessed as returned by enumerate()

  • password (str) – The password to use for this device

  • expert (bool) – Whether the device should be opened in expert mode (prints more information for some commands)

Returns

A HardwareWalletClient to interact with the device

Raises

UnknownDeviceError: if the device type is not known by HWI

Return type

Optional[hwilib.hwwclient.HardwareWalletClient]

hwilib.commands.enumerate(password='')

Enumerate all of the devices that HWI can potentially access.

Parameters

password (str) – The password to use for devices which take passwords from the host.

Returns

A list of devices for which clients can be created for.

Return type

List[Dict[str, Any]]

hwilib.commands.find_device(password='', device_type=None, fingerprint=None, expert=False)

Find a device from the device type or fingerprint and get a client to access it. This is used as an alternative to get_client() if the device path is not known.

Parameters
  • password (str) – A password that may be needed to access the device if it can take passwords from the host

  • device_type (Optional[str]) – The type of device. The client returned will be for this type of device. If not provided, the fingerprint must be provided

  • fingerprint (Optional[str]) – The fingerprint of the master public key for the device. The client returned will have a master public key fingerprint matching this. If not provided, device_type must be provided.

  • expert (bool) – Whether the device should be opened in expert mode (enables additional output for some actions)

Returns

A client to interact with the found device

Return type

Optional[hwilib.hwwclient.HardwareWalletClient]

hwilib.commands.getmasterxpub(client, addrtype=wit, account=0)

Get the master extended public key from a client

Parameters
Returns

A dictionary containing the public key at the m/44'/0'/0' derivation path. Returned as {"xpub": <xpub string>}.

Return type

Dict[str, str]

hwilib.commands.signtx(client, psbt)

Sign a Partially Signed Bitcoin Transaction (PSBT) with the client.

Parameters
Returns

A dictionary containing the processed PSBT serialized in Base64. Returned as {"psbt": <base64 psbt string>}.

Return type

Dict[str, str]

hwilib.commands.getxpub(client, path, expert=False)

Get the master public key at a path from a client

Parameters
  • client (hwilib.hwwclient.HardwareWalletClient) – The client to interact with

  • path (str) – The derivation path for the public key to retrieve

  • expert (bool) – Whether to provide more information intended for experts.

Returns

A dictionary containing the public key at the bip32_path. With expert mode, the information contained within the xpub are decoded and displayed. Returned as {"xpub": <xpub string>}.

Return type

Dict[str, Any]

hwilib.commands.signmessage(client, message, path)

Sign a message using the key at the derivation path with the client.

The message will be signed using the Bitcoin signed message standard used by Bitcoin Core. The message can be either a string which is then encoded to bytes, or bytes.

Parameters
Returns

A dictionary containing the signature. Returned as {"signature": <base64 signature string>}.

Return type

Dict[str, str]

hwilib.commands.getdescriptor(client, master_fpr, path=None, internal=False, addr_type=wit, account=0, start=None, end=None)

Get a descriptor from the client.

Parameters
  • client (hwilib.hwwclient.HardwareWalletClient) – The client to interact with

  • master_fpr (bytes) – The hex string for the master fingerprint of the device to use in the descriptor

  • path (Optional[str]) – The derivation path for the xpub from which additional keys will be derived.

  • internal (bool) – Whether the dictionary should indicate that the descriptor should be for change addresses

  • addr_type (hwilib.common.AddressType) – The type of address the descriptor should create

  • account (int) – The BIP 44 account to use if path is not specified

  • start (Optional[int]) – The start of the range to import, inclusive

  • end (Optional[int]) – The end of the range to import, inclusive

Returns

The descriptor constructed given the above arguments and key fetched from the device

Raises

BadArgumentError: if an argument is malformed or missing.

Return type

hwilib.descriptor.Descriptor

hwilib.commands.getkeypool(client, path, start, end, internal=False, keypool=True, account=0, addr_type=wit, addr_all=False)

Get a dictionary which can be passed to Bitcoin Core’s importmulti or importdescriptors RPCs to import a watchonly wallet based on the client. By default, a descriptor for legacy addresses is returned.

Parameters
  • client (hwilib.hwwclient.HardwareWalletClient) – The client to interact with

  • path (str) – The derivation path for the xpub from which additional keys will be derived.

  • start (int) – The start of the range to import, inclusive

  • end (int) – The end of the range to import, inclusive

  • internal (bool) – Whether the dictionary should indicate that the descriptor should be for change addresses

  • keypool (bool) – Whether the dictionary should indicate that the dsecriptor should be added to the Bitcoin Core keypool/addresspool

  • account (int) – The BIP 44 account to use if path is not specified

  • sh_wpkh – Whether to return a descriptor specifying p2sh-segwit addresses

  • wpkh – Whether to return a descriptor specifying native segwit addresses

  • addr_all (bool) – Whether to return a multiple descriptors for every address type

  • addr_type (hwilib.common.AddressType) –

Returns

The dictionary containing the descriptor and all of the arguments for importmulti or importdescriptors

Raises

BadArgumentError: if an argument is malformed or missing.

Return type

List[Dict[str, Any]]

hwilib.commands.getdescriptors(client, account=0)

Get descriptors from the client.

Parameters
Returns

Multiple descriptors from the device matching the BIP 44 standard paths and the given account.

Raises

BadArgumentError: if an argument is malformed or missing.

Return type

Dict[str, List[str]]

hwilib.commands.displayaddress(client, path=None, desc=None, addr_type=wit)

Display an address on the device for client. The address can be specified by the path with additional parameters, or by a descriptor.

Parameters
  • client (hwilib.hwwclient.HardwareWalletClient) – The client to interact with

  • path (Optional[str]) – The path of the address to display. Mutually exclusive with desc

  • desc (Optional[str]) – The descriptor to display the address for. Mutually exclusive with path

  • addr_type (hwilib.common.AddressType) – The address type to return. Only works with path

Returns

A dictionary containing the address displayed. Returned as {"address": <base58 or bech32 address string>}.

Raises

BadArgumentError: if an argument is malformed, missing, or conflicts.

Return type

Dict[str, str]

hwilib.commands.setup_device(client, label='', backup_passphrase='')

Setup a device that has not yet been initialized.

Parameters
  • client (hwilib.hwwclient.HardwareWalletClient) – The client to interact with

  • label (str) – The label to apply to the newly setup device

  • backup_passphrase (str) – The passphrase to use for the backup, if backups are encrypted for that device

Returns

A dictionary with the success key.

Return type

Dict[str, bool]

hwilib.commands.wipe_device(client)

Wipe a device

Parameters

client (hwilib.hwwclient.HardwareWalletClient) – The client to interact with

Returns

A dictionary with the success key.

Return type

Dict[str, bool]

hwilib.commands.restore_device(client, label='', word_count=24)

Restore a backup to a device that has not yet been initialized.

Parameters
  • client (hwilib.hwwclient.HardwareWalletClient) – The client to interact with

  • label (str) – The label to apply to the newly setup device

  • word_count (int) – The number of words in the recovery phrase

Returns

A dictionary with the success key.

Return type

Dict[str, bool]

hwilib.commands.backup_device(client, label='', backup_passphrase='')

Create a backup of the device

Parameters
  • client (hwilib.hwwclient.HardwareWalletClient) – The client to interact with

  • label (str) – The label to apply to the newly setup device

  • backup_passphrase (str) – The passphrase to use for the backup, if backups are encrypted for that device

Returns

A dictionary with the success key.

Return type

Dict[str, bool]

hwilib.commands.prompt_pin(client)

Trigger the device to show the setup for PIN entry.

Parameters

client (hwilib.hwwclient.HardwareWalletClient) – The client to interact with

Returns

A dictionary with the success key.

Return type

Dict[str, bool]

hwilib.commands.send_pin(client, pin)

Send a PIN to the device after prompt_pin() has been called.

Parameters
Returns

A dictionary with the success key.

Return type

Dict[str, bool]

hwilib.commands.toggle_passphrase(client)

Toggle whether the device is using a BIP 39 passphrase.

Parameters

client (hwilib.hwwclient.HardwareWalletClient) – The client to interact with

Returns

A dictionary with the success key.

Return type

Dict[str, bool]

hwilib.commands.install_udev_rules(source, location)

Install the udev rules to the local machine. The rules will be copied from the source to the location. udevadm will also be triggered and the rules reloaded so that the devices can be plugged in and used immediately. A plugdev group will also be created if it does not exist and the user will be added to it.

The recommended source location is hwilib/udev. The recommended destination location is /etc/udev/rules.d

This function is equivalent to:

sudo cp hwilib/udev/*rules /etc/udev/rules.d/
sudo udevadm trigger
sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
sudo groupadd plugdev
sudo usermod -aG plugdev `whoami`
Parameters
  • source (str) – The directory containing the udev rules to install

  • location (str) – The directory to install the udev rules to

Returns

A dictionary with the success key.

Raises

NotImplementedError: if udev rules cannot be installed on this system, i.e. it is not linux.

Return type

Dict[str, bool]

Errors and Error Codes

HWI has several possible Exceptions with corresponding error codes.

HardwareWalletClient functions and commands functions will generally raise an exception that is a subclass of HWWError. The HWI command line tool will convert these exceptions into a dictionary containing the error message and error code. These look like {"error": "<msg>", "code": <code>}.

hwilib.errors.NO_DEVICE_TYPE = -1

Device type was not specified

hwilib.errors.MISSING_ARGUMENTS = -2

Arguments are missing

hwilib.errors.DEVICE_CONN_ERROR = -3

Error connecting to the device

hwilib.errors.UNKNWON_DEVICE_TYPE = -4

Device type is unknown

hwilib.errors.INVALID_TX = -5

Transaction is invalid

hwilib.errors.NO_PASSWORD = -6

No password provided, but one is needed

hwilib.errors.BAD_ARGUMENT = -7

Bad, malformed, or conflicting argument was provided

hwilib.errors.NOT_IMPLEMENTED = -8

Function is not implemented

hwilib.errors.UNAVAILABLE_ACTION = -9

Function is not available for this device

hwilib.errors.DEVICE_ALREADY_INIT = -10

Device is already initialized

hwilib.errors.DEVICE_ALREADY_UNLOCKED = -11

Device is already unlocked

hwilib.errors.DEVICE_NOT_READY = -12

Device is not ready

hwilib.errors.UNKNOWN_ERROR = -13

An unknown error occurred

hwilib.errors.ACTION_CANCELED = -14

Action was canceled by the user

hwilib.errors.DEVICE_BUSY = -15

Device is busy

hwilib.errors.NEED_TO_BE_ROOT = -16

User needs to be root to perform action

hwilib.errors.HELP_TEXT = -17

Help text was requested by the user

hwilib.errors.DEVICE_NOT_INITIALIZED = -18

Device is not initialized

exception hwilib.errors.HWWError(msg, code)

Generic exception type produced by HWI Subclassed by specific Errors to have Exceptions that have specific error codes.

Contains a message and error code.

Create an exception with the message and error code

Parameters
  • msg (str) – The error message

  • code (int) – The error code

Return type

None

get_code()

Get the error code for this Error

Returns

The error code

Return type

int

get_msg()

Get the error message for this Error

Returns

The error message

Return type

str

with_traceback()

Exception.with_traceback(tb) – set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self.

exception hwilib.errors.NoPasswordError(msg)

HWWError for NO_PASSWORD

Parameters

msg (str) – The error message

get_code()

Get the error code for this Error

Returns

The error code

Return type

int

get_msg()

Get the error message for this Error

Returns

The error message

Return type

str

with_traceback()

Exception.with_traceback(tb) – set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self.

exception hwilib.errors.UnavailableActionError(msg)

HWWError for UNAVAILABLE_ACTION

Parameters

msg (str) – The error message

get_code()

Get the error code for this Error

Returns

The error code

Return type

int

get_msg()

Get the error message for this Error

Returns

The error message

Return type

str

with_traceback()

Exception.with_traceback(tb) – set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self.

exception hwilib.errors.DeviceAlreadyInitError(msg)

HWWError for DEVICE_ALREADY_INIT

Parameters

msg (str) – The error message

get_code()

Get the error code for this Error

Returns

The error code

Return type

int

get_msg()

Get the error message for this Error

Returns

The error message

Return type

str

with_traceback()

Exception.with_traceback(tb) – set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self.

exception hwilib.errors.DeviceNotReadyError(msg)

HWWError for DEVICE_NOT_READY

Parameters

msg (str) – The error message

get_code()

Get the error code for this Error

Returns

The error code

Return type

int

get_msg()

Get the error message for this Error

Returns

The error message

Return type

str

with_traceback()

Exception.with_traceback(tb) – set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self.

exception hwilib.errors.DeviceAlreadyUnlockedError(msg)

HWWError for DEVICE_ALREADY_UNLOCKED

Parameters

msg (str) – The error message

get_code()

Get the error code for this Error

Returns

The error code

Return type

int

get_msg()

Get the error message for this Error

Returns

The error message

Return type

str

with_traceback()

Exception.with_traceback(tb) – set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self.

exception hwilib.errors.UnknownDeviceError(msg)

HWWError for DEVICE_TYPE

Parameters

msg (str) – The error message

get_code()

Get the error code for this Error

Returns

The error code

Return type

int

get_msg()

Get the error message for this Error

Returns

The error message

Return type

str

with_traceback()

Exception.with_traceback(tb) – set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self.

exception hwilib.errors.NotImplementedError(msg)

HWWError for NOT_IMPLEMENTED

Parameters

msg (str) – The error message

get_code()

Get the error code for this Error

Returns

The error code

Return type

int

get_msg()

Get the error message for this Error

Returns

The error message

Return type

str

with_traceback()

Exception.with_traceback(tb) – set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self.

exception hwilib.errors.PSBTSerializationError(msg)

HWWError for INVALID_TX

Parameters

msg (str) – The error message

get_code()

Get the error code for this Error

Returns

The error code

Return type

int

get_msg()

Get the error message for this Error

Returns

The error message

Return type

str

with_traceback()

Exception.with_traceback(tb) – set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self.

exception hwilib.errors.BadArgumentError(msg)

HWWError for BAD_ARGUMENT

Parameters

msg (str) – The error message

get_code()

Get the error code for this Error

Returns

The error code

Return type

int

get_msg()

Get the error message for this Error

Returns

The error message

Return type

str

with_traceback()

Exception.with_traceback(tb) – set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self.

exception hwilib.errors.DeviceFailureError(msg)

HWWError for UNKNOWN_ERROR

Parameters

msg (str) – The error message

get_code()

Get the error code for this Error

Returns

The error code

Return type

int

get_msg()

Get the error message for this Error

Returns

The error message

Return type

str

with_traceback()

Exception.with_traceback(tb) – set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self.

exception hwilib.errors.ActionCanceledError(msg)

HWWError for ACTION_CANCELED

Parameters

msg (str) – The error message

get_code()

Get the error code for this Error

Returns

The error code

Return type

int

get_msg()

Get the error message for this Error

Returns

The error message

Return type

str

with_traceback()

Exception.with_traceback(tb) – set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self.

exception hwilib.errors.DeviceConnectionError(msg)

HWWError for DEVICE_CONN_ERROR

Parameters

msg (str) – The error message

get_code()

Get the error code for this Error

Returns

The error code

Return type

int

get_msg()

Get the error message for this Error

Returns

The error message

Return type

str

with_traceback()

Exception.with_traceback(tb) – set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self.

exception hwilib.errors.DeviceBusyError(msg)

HWWError for DEVICE_BUSY

Parameters

msg (str) – The error message

get_code()

Get the error code for this Error

Returns

The error code

Return type

int

get_msg()

Get the error message for this Error

Returns

The error message

Return type

str

with_traceback()

Exception.with_traceback(tb) – set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self.

exception hwilib.errors.NeedsRootError(msg)

Create an exception with the message and error code

Parameters
  • msg (str) – The error message

  • code – The error code

get_code()

Get the error code for this Error

Returns

The error code

Return type

int

get_msg()

Get the error message for this Error

Returns

The error message

Return type

str

with_traceback()

Exception.with_traceback(tb) – set self.__traceback__ to tb and return self.

hwilib.errors.handle_errors(msg=None, result=None, code=- 13, debug=False)

Context manager to catch all Exceptions and HWWErrors to return them as dictionaries containing the error message and code.

Parameters
  • msg (Optional[str]) – Error message prefix. Attached to the beginning of each error message

  • result (Optional[Dict[str, Any]]) – The dictionary to put the resulting error in

  • code (int) – The default error code to use for Exceptions

  • debug (bool) – Whether to also print out the traceback for debugging purposes

Return type

Iterator[None]

UDev Rules Installer

Classes and utilities for installing device udev rules.

class hwilib.udevinstaller.UDevInstaller

Installs the udev rules

Return type

None

static install(source, location)

Install the udev rules from source into location. This will also reload and trigger udevadm so that devices matching the new rules will be detected. The user will be added to the plugdev group. If the group doesn’t exist, the user will be added to it.

Parameters
  • source (str) – The path to the source directory containing the rules

  • location (str) – The path to the directory to copy the rules to

Returns

Whether the install was successful

Return type

bool

trigger()

Run udevadm trigger

Return type

None

reload_rules()

Run udevadm control --reload-rules

Return type

None

add_user_plugdev_group()

Add the user to the plugdev group

Return type

None

copy_udev_rule_files(source, location)

Copy the udev rules from source to location

Parameters
  • source (str) – The path to the source directory containing the rules

  • location (str) – The path to the directory to copy the rules to

Return type

None

PSBT Classes and Utilities

class hwilib.psbt.PartiallySignedInput

An object for a PSBT input map.

Return type

None

set_null()

Clear all values in this PSBT input map.

Return type

None

deserialize(f)

Deserialize a serialized PSBT input.

Parameters

f (hwilib._serialize.Readable) – A byte stream containing the serialized PSBT input

Return type

None

serialize()

Serialize this PSBT input

Returns

The serialized PSBT input

Return type

bytes

class hwilib.psbt.PartiallySignedOutput

An object for a PSBT output map.

Return type

None

set_null()

Clear this PSBT output map

Return type

None

deserialize(f)

Deserialize a serialized PSBT output map

Parameters

f (hwilib._serialize.Readable) – A byte stream containing the serialized PSBT output

Return type

None

serialize()

Serialize this PSBT output

Returns

The serialized PSBT output

Return type

bytes

class hwilib.psbt.PSBT(tx=None)

A class representing a PSBT

Parameters

tx (Optional[hwilib.tx.CTransaction]) – A Bitcoin transaction that specifies the inputs and outputs to use

Return type

None

deserialize(psbt)

Deserialize a base 64 encoded PSBT.

Parameters

psbt (str) – A base 64 PSBT.

Return type

None

serialize()

Serialize the PSBT as a base 64 encoded string.

Returns

The base 64 encoded string.

Return type

str

Output Script Descriptors

HWI has a more limited implementation of descriptors. See Bitcoin Core’s documentation for more details on descriptors.

This implementation only supports sh(), wsh(), pkh(), wpkh(), multi(), and sortedmulti() descriptors. Descriptors can be parsed, however the actual scripts are not generated.

class hwilib.descriptor.ExpandedScripts(output_script, redeem_script, witness_script)

Create new instance of ExpandedScripts(output_script, redeem_script, witness_script)

count(value, /)

Return number of occurrences of value.

index(value, start=0, stop=9223372036854775807, /)

Return first index of value.

Raises ValueError if the value is not present.

property output_script

Alias for field number 0

property redeem_script

Alias for field number 1

property witness_script

Alias for field number 2

hwilib.descriptor.DescriptorChecksum(desc)

Compute the checksum for a descriptor

Parameters

desc (str) – The descriptor string to compute a checksum for

Returns

A checksum

Return type

str

hwilib.descriptor.AddChecksum(desc)

Compute and attach the checksum for a descriptor

Parameters

desc (str) – The descriptor string to add a checksum to

Returns

Descriptor with checksum

Return type

str

class hwilib.descriptor.PubkeyProvider(origin, pubkey, deriv_path)

A public key expression in a descriptor. Can contain the key origin info, the pubkey itself, and subsequent derivation paths for derivation from the pubkey The pubkey can be a typical pubkey or an extended pubkey.

Parameters
  • origin (Optional[KeyOriginInfo]) – The key origin if one is available

  • pubkey (str) – The public key. Either a hex string or a serialized extended pubkey

  • deriv_path (Optional[str]) – Additional derivation path if the pubkey is an extended pubkey

Return type

None

classmethod parse(s)

Deserialize a key expression from the string into a PubkeyProvider.

Parameters

s (str) – String containing the key expression

Returns

A new PubkeyProvider containing the details given by s

Return type

hwilib.descriptor.PubkeyProvider

to_string()

Serialize the pubkey expression to a string to be used in a descriptor

Returns

The pubkey expression as a string

Return type

str

get_full_derivation_path(pos)

Returns the full derivation path at the given position, including the origin

Parameters

pos (int) –

Return type

str

get_full_derivation_int_list(pos)

Returns the full derivation path as an integer list at the given position. Includes the origin and master key fingerprint as an int

Parameters

pos (int) –

Return type

List[int]

class hwilib.descriptor.Descriptor(pubkeys, subdescriptor, name)

An abstract class for Descriptors themselves. Descriptors can contain multiple PubkeyProviders and no more than one Descriptor as a subdescriptor.

Parameters
  • pubkeys (List[PubkeyProvider]) – The PubkeyProviders that are part of this descriptor

  • subdescriptor (Optional[Descriptor]) – The Descriptor that is part of this descriptor

  • name (str) – The name of the function for this descriptor

Return type

None

to_string_no_checksum()

Serializes the descriptor as a string without the descriptor checksum

Returns

The descriptor string

Return type

str

to_string()

Serializes the descriptor as a string wtih the checksum

Returns

The descriptor with a checksum

Return type

str

expand(pos)

Returns the scripts for a descriptor at the given pos for ranged descriptors.

Parameters

pos (int) –

Return type

hwilib.descriptor.ExpandedScripts

class hwilib.descriptor.PKHDescriptor(pubkey)

A descriptor for pkh() descriptors

Parameters

pubkey (PubkeyProvider) – The PubkeyProvider for this descriptor

Return type

None

expand(pos)

Returns the scripts for a descriptor at the given pos for ranged descriptors.

Parameters

pos (int) –

Return type

hwilib.descriptor.ExpandedScripts

to_string()

Serializes the descriptor as a string wtih the checksum

Returns

The descriptor with a checksum

Return type

str

to_string_no_checksum()

Serializes the descriptor as a string without the descriptor checksum

Returns

The descriptor string

Return type

str

class hwilib.descriptor.WPKHDescriptor(pubkey)

A descriptor for wpkh() descriptors

Parameters

pubkey (PubkeyProvider) – The PubkeyProvider for this descriptor

Return type

None

expand(pos)

Returns the scripts for a descriptor at the given pos for ranged descriptors.

Parameters

pos (int) –

Return type

hwilib.descriptor.ExpandedScripts

to_string()

Serializes the descriptor as a string wtih the checksum

Returns

The descriptor with a checksum

Return type

str

to_string_no_checksum()

Serializes the descriptor as a string without the descriptor checksum

Returns

The descriptor string

Return type

str

class hwilib.descriptor.MultisigDescriptor(pubkeys, thresh, is_sorted)

A descriptor for multi() and sortedmulti() descriptors

Parameters
  • pubkeys (List[PubkeyProvider]) – The PubkeyProviders for this descriptor

  • thresh (int) – The number of keys required to sign this multisig

  • is_sorted (bool) – Whether this is a sortedmulti() descriptor

Return type

None

to_string_no_checksum()

Serializes the descriptor as a string without the descriptor checksum

Returns

The descriptor string

Return type

str

expand(pos)

Returns the scripts for a descriptor at the given pos for ranged descriptors.

Parameters

pos (int) –

Return type

hwilib.descriptor.ExpandedScripts

to_string()

Serializes the descriptor as a string wtih the checksum

Returns

The descriptor with a checksum

Return type

str

class hwilib.descriptor.SHDescriptor(subdescriptor)

A descriptor for sh() descriptors

Parameters

subdescriptor (Optional[Descriptor]) – The Descriptor that is a sub-descriptor for this descriptor

Return type

None

expand(pos)

Returns the scripts for a descriptor at the given pos for ranged descriptors.

Parameters

pos (int) –

Return type

hwilib.descriptor.ExpandedScripts

to_string()

Serializes the descriptor as a string wtih the checksum

Returns

The descriptor with a checksum

Return type

str

to_string_no_checksum()

Serializes the descriptor as a string without the descriptor checksum

Returns

The descriptor string

Return type

str

class hwilib.descriptor.WSHDescriptor(subdescriptor)

A descriptor for wsh() descriptors

Parameters
  • pubkey – The Descriptor that is a sub-descriptor for this descriptor

  • subdescriptor (Optional[Descriptor]) –

Return type

None

expand(pos)

Returns the scripts for a descriptor at the given pos for ranged descriptors.

Parameters

pos (int) –

Return type

hwilib.descriptor.ExpandedScripts

to_string()

Serializes the descriptor as a string wtih the checksum

Returns

The descriptor with a checksum

Return type

str

to_string_no_checksum()

Serializes the descriptor as a string without the descriptor checksum

Returns

The descriptor string

Return type

str

hwilib.descriptor.parse_pubkey(expr)

Parses an individual pubkey expression from a string that may contain more than one pubkey expression.

Parameters

expr (str) – The expression to parse a pubkey expression from

Returns

The PubkeyProvider that is parsed as the first item of a tuple, and the remainder of the expression as the second item.

Return type

Tuple[hwilib.descriptor.PubkeyProvider, str]

hwilib.descriptor.parse_descriptor(desc)

Parse a descriptor string into a Descriptor. Validates the checksum if one is provided in the string

Parameters

desc (str) – The descriptor string

Returns

The parsed Descriptor

Raises

ValueError: if the descriptor string is malformed

Return type

hwilib.descriptor.Descriptor

Key Classes and Utilities

Classes and utilities for working with extended public keys, key origins, and other key related things.

hwilib.key.H_(x)

Shortcut function that “hardens” a number in a BIP44 path.

Parameters

x (int) –

Return type

int

hwilib.key.is_hardened(i)

Returns whether an index is hardened

Parameters

i (int) –

Return type

bool

class hwilib.key.ExtendedKey(version, depth, parent_fingerprint, child_num, chaincode, privkey, pubkey)

A BIP 32 extended public key.

Parameters
  • version (bytes) – The version bytes for this xpub

  • depth (int) – The depth of this xpub as defined in BIP 32

  • parent_fingerprint (bytes) – The 4 byte fingerprint of the parent xpub as defined in BIP 32

  • child_num (int) – The number of this xpub as defined in BIP 32

  • chaincode (bytes) – The chaincode of this xpub as defined in BIP 32

  • privkey (Optional[bytes]) – The private key for this xpub if available

  • pubkey (bytes) – The public key for this xpub

Return type

None

classmethod deserialize(xpub)

Create an ExtendedKey from a Base58 check encoded xpub

Parameters

xpub (str) – The Base58 check encoded xpub

Return type

hwilib.key.ExtendedKey

serialize()

Serialize the ExtendedKey with the serialization format described in BIP 32. Does not create an xpub string, but the bytes serialized here can be Base58 check encoded into one.

Returns

BIP 32 serialized extended key

Return type

bytes

to_string()

Serialize the ExtendedKey as a Base58 check encoded xpub string

Returns

Base58 check encoded xpub

Return type

str

get_printable_dict()

Get the attributes of this ExtendedKey as a dictionary that can be printed

Returns

Dictionary containing ExtendedKey information that can be printed

Return type

Dict[str, object]

derive_pub(i)

Derive the public key at the given child index.

Parameters

i (int) – The child index of the pubkey to derive

Return type

hwilib.key.ExtendedKey

derive_pub_path(path)

Derive the public key at the given path

Parameters

path (Sequence[int]) – Sequence of integers for the path of the pubkey to derive

Return type

hwilib.key.ExtendedKey

class hwilib.key.KeyOriginInfo(fingerprint, path)

Object representing the origin of a key.

Parameters
  • fingerprint (bytes) – The 4 byte BIP 32 fingerprint of a parent key from which this key is derived from

  • path (Sequence[int]) – The derivation path to reach this key from the key at fingerprint

Return type

None

classmethod deserialize(s)

Deserialize a serialized KeyOriginInfo. They will be serialized in the same way that PSBTs serialize derivation paths

Parameters

s (bytes) –

Return type

hwilib.key.KeyOriginInfo

serialize()

Serializes the KeyOriginInfo in the same way that derivation paths are stored in PSBTs

Return type

bytes

to_string()

Return the KeyOriginInfo as a string in the form <fingerprint>/<index>/<index>/… This is the same way that KeyOriginInfo is shown in descriptors

Return type

str

classmethod from_string(s)

Create a KeyOriginInfo from the string

Parameters

s (str) – The string to parse

Return type

hwilib.key.KeyOriginInfo

get_derivation_path()

Return the string for just the path

Return type

str

get_full_int_list()

Return a list of ints representing this KeyOriginInfo. The first int is the fingerprint, followed by the path

Return type

List[int]

hwilib.key.parse_path(nstr)

Convert BIP32 path string to list of uint32 integers with hardened flags. Several conventions are supported to set the hardened flag: -1, 1’, 1h

e.g.: “0/1h/1” -> [0, 0x80000001, 1]

Parameters

nstr (str) – path string

Returns

list of integers

Return type

List[int]

hwilib.key.get_bip44_purpose(addrtype)

Determine the BIP 44 purpose based on the given AddressType.

Parameters

addrtype (hwilib.common.AddressType) – The address type

Return type

int

hwilib.key.get_bip44_chain(chain)

Determine the BIP 44 coin type based on the Bitcoin chain type.

For the Bitcoin mainnet chain, this returns 0. For the other chains, this returns 1.

Parameters

chain (hwilib.common.Chain) – The chain

Return type

int

Common Classes and Utilities

class hwilib.common.Chain(value)

The blockchain network to use

MAIN = 0

Bitcoin Main network

TEST = 1

Bitcoin Test network

REGTEST = 2

Bitcoin Core Regression Test network

SIGNET = 3

Bitcoin Signet

class hwilib.common.AddressType(value)

The type of address to use

LEGACY = 1

Legacy address type. P2PKH for single sig, P2SH for scripts.

WIT = 2

Native segwit v0 address type. P2WPKH for single sig, P2WPSH for scripts.

SH_WIT = 3

Nested segwit v0 address type. P2SH-P2WPKH for single sig, P2SH-P2WPSH for scripts.

hwilib.common.sha256(s)

Perform a single SHA256 hash.

Parameters

s (bytes) – Bytes to hash

Returns

The hash

Return type

bytes

hwilib.common.ripemd160(s)

Perform a single RIPEMD160 hash.

Parameters

s (bytes) – Bytes to hash

Returns

The hash

Return type

bytes

hwilib.common.hash256(s)

Perform a double SHA256 hash. A SHA256 is performed on the input, and then a second SHA256 is performed on the result of the first SHA256

Parameters

s (bytes) – Bytes to hash

Returns

The hash

Return type

bytes

hwilib.common.hash160(s)

perform a single SHA256 hash followed by a single RIPEMD160 hash on the result of the SHA256 hash.

Parameters

s (bytes) – Bytes to hash

Returns

The hash

Return type

bytes